uid=MCM,o=EDI,dc=edirepository,dc=org all public read Glacier Melt Modeling Wind Dir Glacier melt modeling: Wind Direction 1996-2011 Matthew Hoffman
Los Alamos National Lab Los Alamos NM 87545 US
mhoffman@lanl.gov
McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER http://mcmlter.org/ Andrew Fountain
P.O. Box 751 Portland OR 97207 US
(503) 725-3386 andrew@pdx.edu http://glaciers.pdx.edu/fountain/ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-2273 associated researcher
Inigo San Gil
Department of Biology, MSC03 2020 University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131 US
(505) 277-2625 (505) 277-2541 isangil@lternet.edu data manager
2016-03-20 English
This is the data and metatada for modeled Wind Direction - part of six modeled parameters that comprise the Taylor Valley Galcier Melt modeling Data contained and described in this document correspond to the physically-based surface energy balance model for the glaciers of Taylor Valley developed by the dataset owners. The spatial variability in ablation (ice melt and sublimation), runoff, and climate sensitivity of the glaciers was modeled using 16 years of meteorological and surface mass balance (the net mass gain or loss of ice on the surface of the glacier) observations collected in Taylor Valley (see figure).   An unusual aspect of the model is the inclusion of transmission of solar radiation into the ice and subsequent drainage of some subsurface melt .   Melt model was applied to the ablation zones of the glaciers of Taylor Valley, identified by colored areas. Mass balance stakes, meteorological stations, and stream gages shown for reference. This dataset package is part of a 6-pack multi-set, which you can find at http://mcmlter.org The input files, parameters and examples are found in this package: http://mcmlter.org/content/glacier-melt-modeling-inputs-and-example-m-file-reader
air temperature climate climatology digital elevation model meteorology modeling models relative humidity snow depth solar radiation wind direction wind speed LTER Controlled Vocabulary Other papers used for the study (see related publications for the author-related papers) G. E. Liston and K. Elder, “A meteorological distribution system for high-resolution terrestrial modeling (MicroMet),” J. Hydrometeorol., vol. 7, pp. 217–234, 2006.  G. E. Liston, J.-G. Winther, O. Bruland, H. Elvehoy, and K. Sand, “Below-surface ice melt on the coastal Antarctic ice sheet,” J. Glaciol., vol. 45, no. 150, pp. 273–285, 1999. MicroMet simulation code is owned by G. Liston at CU
Data Policies This data package is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which allows consumers (hereinafter referred to as “Data Users”) to freely reuse, redistribute, transform, or build on this work (even commercially) so long as appropriate credit is provided. Accordingly, Data Users are required to properly cite this data package in any publications or in the metadata of any derived products that result from its use (in whole or in part). A recommended citation is provided on the summary metadata page associated with this data package in the McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Data Catalog (https://mcmlter.org/data), and a generic citation may be found on the summary metadata page in the repository where this data package was obtained. When these data contribute significantly to the contents of a publication, Data Users must also acknowledge that data were provided by the NSF-supported McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research program (OPP-1637708). This data package has been released in the spirit of open scientific collaboration. Hence, Data Users are strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration, and/or co-authorship (as appropriate) with the data package creator(s). Data Users should be aware these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research; thus, coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. Data Users should also recognize that misinterpretation of data may occur if they are used outside the context of the original study. Hence, Data Users are urged to contact the data package creator(s) if they have any questions regarding methodology or results. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of this data package (with all its components), complete accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Periodic updates to this data package may occur, and it is the responsibility of Data Users to check for new versions. This data package is made available “as is” and comes with no warranty of accuracy or fitness for use. The creator(s) of this data package and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for any damages resulting from misinterpretation, use, or misuse of these data. Finally, as a professional courtesy, we kindly request Data Users notify the primary contact referenced in the metadata when these data are used in the production of any derivative work or publication. Notification should include an explanation of how the data were used, along with a digital copy of the derived product(s). Thank you.
https://mcm.lternet.edu/content/glacier-melt-modeling-wind-direction-1996-2011 This is the Taylor Valley, a subjectively approximated contour by San Gil. We use this to denote the geographical extent of studies that encompass the whole Taylor Valley.According to Wiki contributors, the Taylor Valley is the southernmost of the three large Dry Valleys in the Transantarctic Mountains, Victoria Land, located west of McMurdo Sound. The valley extends from Taylor Glacier in the west to McMurdo Sound at Explorers Cove at the northwest head of New Harbour in the east and is about 29 kilometres (18 mi) long. It was once occupied by the receding Taylor Glacier, from which it derives its name. Taylor Valley contains Lake Bonney in the west (inward), and Lake Fryxell in the east (coastward), and Lake Hoare, Lake Chad, Mummy Pond and Parera Pond close together between the two. Further east of Lake Bonney is Pearse Valley. Taylor Valley is separated from Wright Valley in the north by Asgard Range, and from Ferrar Glacier in the south by Kukri Hills. 161.707763671880 163.624877929690 -77.519802097166 -77.808487073526 1996-07-19 2011-06-01 Data and metadata created with the assistance of Inigo San Gil on 2016 McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER Information Manager im@mcmlter.org McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER http://mcmlter.org/ McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER
Field Data Collection This modeling effort makes use of the network of automated weather stations (AWS) maintained by MCM.  Additionally, it uses the glacier surface mass balance stake network for calibration and validation.  Finally, it uses the streamgauge network for validation. Model Approach The point observations were distributed across the valley on a 250 m resolution horizontal grid using the model MicroMet.  Additionally, MicroMet was used to generate forcing for the ~20 m high vertical cliffs that form the termini of the glaciers. The distributed meteorological data generated by MicroMet was used to force the IceMelt model which calculates surface and below-surface melt and runoff rates for each location in the model domain.  To adequately model glacier ablation and subsurface ice temperatures required including the transmission of solar radiation into the ice and subsequent drainage of some of the melt generated below the surface.  IceMelt was run using a daily time step for the 1995-2005 time period, and then with an hourly time step for the 1996-2011 time period.  The model was calibrated using seasonal surface mass balance measurements, below-surface ice temperatures, and ice density at three locations.  The model was then run in distributed mode across all glacier ablation zones in Taylor Valley.  Model results were compared to surface mass balance stake observations and proglacial streamflow records. Modeling code used MicroMet:  MicroMet is a quasi-physically based meteorological model of intermediate complexity that is suitable for generating gridded atmospheric forcings at high-resolution (~30-1000 m grid increments).  It combines spatial interpolation with known physical relationships between weather and topography for the variables of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, incoming solar radiation, incoming longwave radiation, surface pressure, and precipitation. MicroMet includes a preprocessor for filling short gaps in the measurement time series at each station, and makes use of an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) calculation for filling gaps in diurnally varying variables. MicroMet requires a digital elevation model and the time-series of individual weather variables at various sites in or near the modeling domain. For spatial interpolation from irregularly spaced stations to a gridded dataset, MicroMet uses a Barnes objective analysis scheme. IceMelt:  IceMelt is a physical-based surface energy balance model for glacier ice.  It accounts for both the surface energy balance and subsurface solar heating from absorbed solar radiation, allowing it to reproduce the so-called ‘solid state greenhouse effect’ observed near the surface of Dry Valley glaciers.  The surface energy balance includes terms for net shortwave radiation, net longwave radiation, sensible and latent heat fluxes between the ice and atmosphere, heat conduction into or out of the ice, and melt at the ice surface.  Additionally, the model domain extends 15 m into the ice and the model includes heat conduction through that column, including a source term for solar radiation absorbed internally within the ice based on a two-stream approximation.  The model supports partial melting of ice within a grid cell below the surface, and it calculates drainage of water when partial melt surpasses a specified threshold water fraction.  IceMelt is a point model, but can be run in distributed mode where each location in a spatial grid is run independently.  IceMelt has been run with both daily and hourly time steps. Model input files Inputs to MicroMet are air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, incoming solar radiation, and incoming longwave radiation at 3 m height at point AWS locations.  Additionally, a digital elevation model (DEM) of the model domain is required. Inputs to IceMelt are air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, incoming solar radiation, and incoming longwave radiation at 3 m height and surface albedo at each location to be modeled.  Simulation output MicroMet outputs air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, incoming solar radiation, and incoming longwave radiation at all locations in the specified model domain. IceMelt outputs all of the terms of the surface energy balance, and sublimation and melt at the surface.  It also outputs ice temperature, melt/freeze rate, and water drainage at all depths modeled within the ice. Both models output all fields at every glacier ablation zone location on a 250 m grid of Taylor Valley
SIM_WDIR_1996 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 1996 Wdir-1996.tar_.gz 470479076 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-1996.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_1997 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 1997 Wdir-1997.tar_.gz 467008947 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-1997.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_1998 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 1998 Wdir-1998.tar_.gz 463325075 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-1998.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_1999 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 1999 Wdir-1999.tar_.gz 466463195 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-1999.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2000 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2000 Wdir-2000.tar_.gz 466787819 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2000.tar__1.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2001 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2001 Wdir-2001.tar_.gz 466919053 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2001.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2002 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2002 Wdir-2002.tar_.gz 467050732 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2002.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2003 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2003 Wdir-2003.tar_.gz 460524623 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2003.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2004 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2004 Wdir-2004.tar_.gz 469289096 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2004.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2005 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2005 Wdir-2005.tar_.gz 463907505 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2005.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2006 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2006 Wdir-2006.tar_.gz 467868421 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2006.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2007 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2007 Wdir-2007.tar_.gz 466173905 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2007.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2008 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2008 Wdir-2008.tar_.gz 473416769 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2008.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2009 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2009 Wdir-2009.tar_.gz 471079577 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2009.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2010 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2010 Wdir-2010.tar_.gz 464238377 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2010.tar__0.gz undefined SIM_WDIR_2011 Modeled data details for the wind direction, year 2011 Wdir-2011.tar_.gz 458198770 application/octet-stream https://mcm.lternet.edu/sites/default/files/data/Wdir-2011.tar__0.gz undefined